Formal Attributes show such things as: a part of speech, a verb aspect, a verb tense. They are indicated if they help to understand a certain speech element.
For example for verbs and phrases that have a verb meaning, we often indicate perfective or imperfective verb aspects and a verb tense. Idiom is indicated in order to distinguish a phrase with a figurative meaning from a usual one. Lexemic idiom allows to distinguish a word with a figurative meaning from a usual verb, noun or an adverb.
| Acronym |
An acronym is an abbreviation formed from the initial components in a phrase or a word.
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| Adjective |
Adjective is a part of speech that describes a noun or a pronoun.
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| Adverb |
A part of speech that describes a verb, characterises an action, as opposed to an adjective that describes an object.
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| Conjunction |
Conjunction is a word that connects parts of sentences or phrases.
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| Etiquette |
Fixed element of speech used in etiquette situations like saying hello, goodbye, replying to thanks, etc.
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| Euphemism |
Euphemism is a polite word or phrase that is used instead of a more direct one to avoid shocking or upsetting someone.
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| Feminine |
Feminine
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| Future |
Future tense
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| Idiom |
Plain idiom. A group of words that has a meaning that can’t be put together from the meanings of each separate word.
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| Idiom Group |
Idiom group is a few idioms used together in one phrase or sentence.
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| Imperative |
Imperative
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| Imperfective |
Imperfective aspect.
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| Impersonal |
Impersonal form
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| Incomplete Phrase |
The omission from a phrases of one or more words that would otherwise be required by the remaining elements.
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| Individual Feature |
Individual speech feature. It implies a deliberate non-standard word or phrase usage or a wordplay which makes one’s speech more individual and outstanding.
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| Infinitive |
Infinitive.
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| Interjection |
Interjection is a word or phrase used to express a strong feeling.
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| Lexemic Idiom |
Lexemic idiom is a word that has a figurative, transferred meaning but it keeps its original part of speech despite of a shift in its meaning.
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| Metaphor |
Words and phrases that describe something by comparing it to something else that has similar qualities without using the word как. These comparisons are not fixed in dictionaries and are created by a speaker.
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| Multidirectional | |
| Noun |
Noun is a part of speech that names objects.
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| Participle | |
| Particle |
Particle is a part of speech that consists of small words that add certain shades of meaning to a phrase or sentence.
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| Passive | |
| Past |
Past tense.
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| Perfective |
Perfective aspect.
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| Phrase |
Plain phrase. Combination of words that should be explained together as one item.
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| Preposition |
Preposition.
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| Prepositional Phrase |
Prepositional phrase is a fixed combination of a noun or a pronoun with a certain preposition.
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| Present |
Present tense.
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| Pronoun |
Pronoun.
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| Proper Name |
Proper name is a noun that refers to a unique entity, such as Москва, Петя, Катя, etc.
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| Proverb |
Proverb is a short well-known statement that contains advice about life in general.
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| Term | |
| Unidirectional | |
| Verb |
Verb is a part of speech that describes an action, experience, or state.
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| Verb of Motion | |
| Сultural Element |
Words and phrases that refer to events or things that are well-known for Russian people and the things that were (are) a big art of Russian everyday life.
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