Formal Attribute of Russian Words and Phrases

Formal Attributes show such things as: a part of speech, a verb aspect, a verb tense. They are indicated if they help to understand a certain speech element.

For example for verbs and phrases that have a verb meaning, we often indicate perfective or imperfective verb aspects and a verb tense. Idiom is indicated in order to distinguish a phrase with a figurative meaning from a usual one. Lexemic idiom allows to distinguish a word with a figurative meaning from a usual verb, noun or an adverb.

Acronym
An acronym is an abbreviation formed from the initial components in a phrase or a word. 
Adjective
Adjective is a part of speech that describes a noun or a pronoun.
Adverb
A part of speech that describes a verb, characterises an action, as opposed to an adjective that describes an object.
Conjunction
Conjunction is a word that connects parts of sentences or phrases.
Etiquette
Fixed element of speech used in etiquette situations like saying hello, goodbye, replying to thanks, etc.
Euphemism
Euphemism is a polite word or phrase that is used instead of a more direct one to avoid shocking or upsetting someone.
Feminine
Feminine
Future
Future tense
Idiom
Plain idiom. A group of words that has a meaning that can’t be put together from the meanings of each separate word.
Idiom Group
Idiom group is a few idioms used together in one phrase or sentence.
Imperative
Imperative
Imperfective
Imperfective aspect.
Impersonal
Impersonal form
Incomplete Phrase
The omission from a phrases of one or more words that would otherwise be required by the remaining elements.
Individual Feature
Individual speech feature. It implies a deliberate non-standard word or phrase usage or a wordplay which makes one’s speech more individual and outstanding.
Infinitive
Infinitive.
Interjection
Interjection is a word or phrase used to express a strong feeling.
Lexemic Idiom
Lexemic idiom is a word that has a figurative, transferred meaning but it keeps its original part of speech despite of a shift in its meaning.
Metaphor
Words and phrases that describe something by comparing it to something else that has similar qualities without using the word как. These comparisons are not fixed in dictionaries and are created by a speaker.
Multidirectional
Noun
Noun is a part of speech that names objects.
Participle
Particle
Particle is a part of speech that consists of small words that add certain shades of meaning to a phrase or sentence.
Passive
Past
Past tense.
Perfective
Perfective aspect.
Phrase
Plain phrase. Combination of words that should be explained together as one item.
Preposition
Preposition.
Prepositional Phrase
Prepositional phrase is a fixed combination of a noun or a pronoun with a certain preposition.
Present
Present tense.
Pronoun
Pronoun.
Proper Name
Proper name is a noun that refers to a unique entity, such as Москва, Петя, Катя, etc.
Proverb
Proverb is a short well-known statement that contains advice about life in general.
Term
Unidirectional
Verb
Verb is a part of speech that describes an action, experience, or state.
Verb of Motion
Сultural Element
Words and phrases that refer to events or things that are well-known for Russian people and the things that were (are) a big art of Russian everyday life.